Insights on Love and Marriage From Social Scientists and Aziz Ansari

Insights on Love and Marriage From Social Scientists and Aziz Ansari The big news at 2015s annual meeting of the American Sociological Association was that actor and comedian, and now author, Aziz Ansari would be in attendance to participate in a panel discussion about his new book  Modern Romance, co-authored with sociologist Eric Klinenberg. On Saturday August 22, a huge crowd of sociologists awaited the insights on dating, mating, and marriage that would be shared not just by Ansari and Klinenberg, but also by Christian Rudder, the founder of OK Cupid; biological anthropologist Helen Fisher; and psychologist Eli Finkel. What followed was a fascinating hour and a half of presentations and discussion among the panelists and audience, including these thought-provoking and helpful insights and tips on modern romance. Romantic Love is a Drive Following analysis of brain scans of people in love, Fisher and her research team found that the part of the brain activated by romance is the same one that controls basic needs like thirst and hunger. Fisher concludes from this that romantic love is not only a basic human need, but also a drive that shapes how we act in the world. She explained that it is associated with wanting, craving, focus, energy, and addiction, and that it is separate from but adjacent to both where our sex drive resides in the brain, and the part of our brain that is activated by attachment, which is something that grows out of romantic love over a period of time. Love at First Sight is Totally Possible Fisher explained, after an audience member asked a question about the possibility for success of arranged marriages, that love at first sight is something that our brains are hard wired for. Brain circuitry for love is like a sleeping cat, she said, and can be awakened in a second. You can fall in love with someone instantly. According to Fisher, this is why a lot of arranged marriages work. People Dating Today Suffer a Paradox of Choice Ansari and Klinenberg found through talking to people in interviews and focus groups that dating in todays world, enabled and organized by social media and dating sites, presents people with a paradox of choicewe are so overwhelmed by the amount of potential romantic partners available to us that we find it very difficult to select one to pursue. Ansari pointed out how digital technology has enabled this, citing the example of a guy he spoke with who admitted to checking Tinder on the way to a date arranged by Tinder, and then checking Tinder in the bathroom after having given the current date just a few minutes of his time. Ansari and Klinenberg observed in their study that many young singles are simply not giving each other enough of a chance, and suggest that we need to employ the Flo Rida Theory of Acquired Likability Through Repetition (LOL but really). Ansari explained, Social science shows that the more time you spend with people, thats when you learn these deeper things and develop positive illusions, and the Flo Rida theory basically just states that ultimately, were all like a Flo Rida song. When you first hear it, youre like, All right, Flo Rida, Ive heard this shit before. This is very similar to what you put out last summer. But then you keep hearing it over and over and youre like, All right, Flo Rida, youve done it again. Lets dance! Our Dates Are Too Boring Related to the previous point, Ansari and Klinenberg learned through their research that people are quick to move on from a potential romantic interest after just one date because most of us arrange terribly boring dates. We go out for a meal or a drink and essentially exchange resumes and life histories, and very few of us have an especially good time. Instead, they suggest, we should organize dates around fun and exciting events that give us an opportunity to see what each person is like in a social setting, and to bond over a shared experience. Ansari referenced sociologist Robb Willers Monster Truck Rally Theory, which is based on the experience of Willer and his friends, who started taking dates to monster truck rallies, at which both parties had a great time, and many pairs blossomed into couples with great relationships. We Put Far More Pressure on Marriage Today than We Did in the Past By looking at the way what a marriage is and what we expect of one has evolved over time, psychologist Eli Finkel found that today people expect marriage to provide not only love and companionship, but also to facilitate personal growth and self-expression. According to Finkel, these expectations are far greater than those people have had for marriage in the past, and the problem is, married people today are spending less time together than in decades prior, so they are not putting enough time into their relationships for those expectations to be fully met. He suggests that this is related to a long-term decrease in marital happiness. So, Finkel offers that if people really want marriage to meet these needs, then they need to devote more time to their partners. However, he also observed that those who are doing it are doing it really well, as evidenced by how the proportion of people who are blissed out in their marriages has increased simultaneously while overall marital happiness h as declined. Heres hoping you can deploy these insights and tips as you date, mate, and marry.

History and Timeline of the Battery

History and Timeline of the Battery A battery, which is actually an electric cell, is a device that produces electricity from a chemical reaction. In a one cell battery, you would find a negative electrode; an electrolyte, which conducts ions; a separator, also an ion conductor; and a positive electrode. Timeline of Battery History 1748- Benjamin Franklin first coined the term battery to describe an array of charged glass plates.1780 to 1786- Luigi Galvani demonstrated what we now understand to be the electrical basis of nerve impulses and provided the cornerstone of research for later inventors like Volta to create batteries.1800 Voltaic Pile- Alessandro Volta invented the Voltaic Pile and discovered the first practical method of generating electricity. Constructed of alternating discs of zinc and copper with pieces of cardboard soaked in brine between the metals, the Voltaic Pile produced electrical current. The metallic conducting arc was used to carry the electricity over a greater distance. Alessandro Voltas voltaic pile was the first wet cell battery that produced a reliable, steady current of electricity.1836 Daniell Cell- The Voltaic Pile could not deliver an electrical current for a long period of time. Englishman, John F. Daniell invented the Daniell Cell that used two electrolytes: copper sulfate and zinc sulfate. The Daniel Cell lasted longer than the Volta cell or pile. This battery, which produced about 1.1 volts, was used to power objects such as telegraphs, telephones, and doorbells, remained popular in homes for over 100 years. 1839 Fuel Cell- William Robert Grove developed the first fuel cell, which produced electrical by combining hydrogen and oxygen.1839 to 1842- Inventors created improvements to batteries that used liquid electrodes to produce electricity. Bunsen (1842) and Grove (1839) invented the most successful.1859 Rechargeable- French inventor, Gaston Plante developed the first practical storage lead-acid battery that could be recharged (secondary battery). This type of battery is primarily used in cars today.1866 Leclanche Carbon-Zinc Cell- French engineer, Georges Leclanche patented the carbon-zinc wet cell battery called the Leclanche cell. According to The History of Batteries: George Leclanches original cell was assembled in a porous pot. The positive electrode consisted of crushed manganese dioxide with a little carbon mixed in. The negative pole was a zinc rod. The cathode was packed into the pot, and a carbon rod was inserted to act as a current collector. The anode or zinc rod and the pot were then immersed in an ammonium chloride solution. The liquid acted as the electrolyte, readily seeping through the porous cup and making contact with the cathode material. The liquid acted as the electrolyte, readily seeping through the porous cup and making contact with the cathode material. Georges Leclanche then further improved his design by substituting the ammonium chloride paste for liquid electrolyte and invented a method of sealing the battery, inventing the first dry cell, an improved design that was now transportable. 1881- J.A. Thiebaut patented the first battery with both the negative electrode and porous pot placed in a zinc cup.1881- Carl Gassner invented the first commercially successful dry cell battery (zinc-carbon cell).1899- Waldmar Jungner invented the first nickel-cadmium rechargeable battery.1901 Alkaline Storage- Thomas Alva Edison invented the alkaline storage battery. Thomas Edisons alkaline cell had iron as the anode material (-) and nickelic oxide as the cathode material ().1949 Alkaline-Manganese Battery- Lew Urry developed the small alkaline battery in 1949. The inventor was working for the Eveready Battery Co. at their research laboratory in Parma, Ohio. Alkaline batteries last five to eight times as long as zinc-carbon cells, their predecessors.1954 Solar Cells- Gerald Pearson, Calvin Fuller, and Daryl Chapin invented the first solar battery. A solar battery converts the suns energy into electricity. In 1954, Gerald Pearson, Calvin Fuller, and Daryl Chapin invented the first s olar battery. The inventors created an array of several strips of silicon (each about the size of a razor blade), placed them in sunlight, captured the free electrons and turned them into ​​electrical current. Bell Laboratories in New York announced the prototype manufacture of a new solar battery. Bell had funded the research. The first public service trial of the Bell Solar Battery began with a telephone carrier system (Americus, Georgia) on October 4, 1955. 1964- Duracell was incorporated.

Effects of Western global expansion after 1500 C.E Essay

Effects of Western global expansion after 1500 C.E - Essay Example This is too harsh. While negative things certainly happened during this time, wonderful things happened too. New cultures were introduced to one another. Although this process started unequally, it was the beginning of globalization, a process that has brought great prosperity to all parts of the world. It is now seventeen years since I came to serve these princes with the Enterprise of the Indies. They made me pass eight of them in discussion, and at the end rejected it as a thing of jest. Nevertheless, I persisted therein... Over there I have placed under their sovereignty more land than there is in Africa and Europe, and more than 1,700 islands... In seven years I, by the divine will, made that conquest (Morison, 576) One man could conquer all of this territory and bring back to Spain all the riches of these islands. It is an extraordinary story. However, Spain was not the only country involved: its efforts were mostly limited to the Caribbean (Paine, xvi). It was driven in large part by the changes Europe was undergoing. First, came discovery, and then came exploitation. Mercantilism developed in Europe in the 18th century (Duiker, et al, 320). This was one of the dominant economic doctrines of the time. It led European powers to seek out new markets across the world. These were often less developed countries that had some sort of resource the Europeans could exploit. The wealth generated from these conquests allowed Europeans to build massive public works such as the French palace at Versailles (326). While this was clearly a form of greed at the time, these buildings were truly beautiful. It is easy to argue that this period in world history was filled only with calumny and misery. However, much of the economic activity at the time laid the groundwork for the current global economy, which provides so much prosperity to us all. Certain countries needed to become rich so

Airports and ground handling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Airports and ground handling - Essay Example Various studies suggest that privately owned firms can realize higher levels of operating efficiency compared to state owned firms (Megginson et al., 2004). In the UK, there are various ownership structures of airports which include complete private ownership, local government ownership and public-private ownership. While there are several airports which are individually owned, there are also many airport operator groups in the UK. The privatisation of the UK airports is not an isolated case since the move has been embraced by other governments globally. For instance, Austria commercialised and privatised the Vienna International Airport; Australia privatised Melbourne or Tullamarine (Baird, 1996) while New Zealand privatised the ports of Wellington and Auckland international airports. Ideally, many governments globally have leased out their airports on a long-term basis to private entities to operate them to enhance their efficiency and effectiveness (Assaf, Gillen, & Barros, 2012). It is also crucial to note that this kind of arrangement has been extended to the management of sea ports and terminals across the world to enhance efficiency by easing congestion in the port facilities. A good example was the privatisation of nine UK ports in 1983 that formed the Associated British Ports (Haarmeyer, &Yorke, 1993). The privatization enabled the ports to increase capital investment, diversify assets and adopt effic ient practices (Haarmeyer, &Yorke, 1993). Thus, it is evident that privatisation of government owned entities is crucial in improving their operational efficiency and effectiveness. It is important, however, to note that privatisation of airports has not taken place in all parts of the UK and the world. Some airports such those in the Islands of Scotland, which are not busy or desirable are usually funded by the state to facilitate the movement of people

i Heard The Owl Call My Name And the Black Robe: The Indians :: essays research papers

"I Heard The Owl Call My Name" and "The Black Robe": The Indians Although the Indians in I Heard The Owl Call My Name, and in The Black Robe are primitive in the technological sense, they are neither simple or emotional people. The Indians in both texts could be classed as primitive people - if we take primitive to mean technologically underdeveloped. The level of technology possessed by the white man is far superior to that of the Indians, yet the Indians in The Black Robe are happy to accept and use muskets, and in I Heard The Owl Call My Name they are familiar with motors, washing machines and modern building techniques brought by white man. The Indians display their level of ignorance in regard to modern technology in The Black Robe, when the enemy tribe believed that muskets could only be fired once and once fired, they are useless. The Indians had little knowledge of modern materials or tools. When comparing the Indians in The Black Robe to the Indians in I Heard The Owl Call My Name, we must take into account that The Black Robe was set two hundred and twenty years earlier than I Heard The Owl Call My Name, and white mans influence on the Indians in I Heard The Owl Call My Name was much greater. Technology did not play an important role in the Indian's way of life. Traditionally, the Indians lived off the land taking only what they needed, and their hunting and building methods had served them well for centuries, therefore their need to develop new technology would not have been great. The Indians are not simple or barbaric people. Their complex belief system and folklore related strongly to the environment and gave reasons for the

How the Writers Shape or Craft Each Text to Meet the Expectations

Examine how the writers shape or craft each text to meet the expectations of their respective audience, purpose and context Excerpt from Weblog and extract from Vernon God Little by DCB Pierre Text B is in the form of a blog, which is an online diary updated regularly by its author. Text C is an extract from the novel Vernon God Little by DCB Pierre. Both authors target a young adult audience through use of a casual tone to engage the reader and gain empathetic response. The weblog writer uses colloquialisms such as ‘gutted’, and elision; ‘Whatcha’DCB Pierre engages a young audience through use of a teenage protagonist. The weblog starts in medea res with use of the discourse marker ‘So after another†¦ ’ creating an informal ambience. This also suggests that the audience are regular readers of this particular blog, as they are expected to understand what the conversation is referring back to. The writer uses contractions; ‘Isn’ t’ which reassures the informal tone. A similar tone is used in Vernon God Little, as the protagonist directly addresses the reader throughout; ‘You’d remember Clarence somebody’. nd uses the present tense to further engage the reader; ‘I sit waiting†¦ ’ The weblog writer uses parenthesis to convey to the reader a further thought on the previous statement; ‘On the plus side (a very small plus size)’ This further engages the reader and makes them feel as though they are directly involved with the writer. The main purpose of both texts is to entertain, however both also inform the reader of the protagonist’s current situation; the weblog writer has just received news informing them that they have not been successful in a job application.JCB Pierre’s protagonist is currently in prison; ‘I sit waiting between shafts of light from a row of doorways†¦ looks like I’m the only one they rounded up so fa r’ This suggests that perhaps the protagonist is innocent, or there were more people involved in the crime as he is evidently waiting for them to be arrested. The context of the weblog is that the writer has recently received a job rejection and is reaching out to his readers to gain perhaps sympathy and empathy from them.The writer uses language such as; ‘Back at square one’ Emphasising to the reader that they are disheartened by the rejection. The simile, ‘Like a punch in the stomach’ reiterates the sadness the writer is feeling and the intention was to possibly gain a sympathetic response from readers to help him feel better about himself. The context of the novel extract is that a fifteen year old Texan boy (the protagonist) has been arrested and is recalling a man who was previously arrested for a similar crime.It contains slight sarcasm or black humour, as the protagonist mentions the news coverage of the man mentioned previously, lacking any d etails of the crime he committed; ‘The news said how little he cares about the effects of his crimes. By ‘effects’ I think they meant axe-wounds. ’ This sarcastic humour entertains the reader whilst informing them of events prior to the arrest of the main voice in this story. The narrator’s final sentence is almost foreboding, as he states; ‘They sentenced him to death. ’

The Meaning Of Business Environment Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2587 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? In this assignment we aim to understand the meaning of Business Environment and why it is important for an organisation. In order to understand the importance of the Business Environment we have carried out a study on Apple Corporation, whereby we investigated the micro factors which are internal to the company; and macro factors, which are external and are beyond the control of the organization. These factors together make the business environment of the organisation and help in long term strategic decision making within that organisation. Business environment: Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Meaning Of Business Environment Business Essay" essay for you Create order According to Brooks and Weatherson The business environment can be defined as a broad and embracing term which encompasses any and all influences which are external to the organisation in question. The Business Environment consists of -: Macro Environment The macro environment refers to all those trends and forces which are external to the organisation but can impact its ability to achieve its objective. The macro environment consists of political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal factors. These factors cannot be altered by the organisation; however they can influence the organisation in a number of ways. The macro environment helps to scan the threats and opportunities within the environment and help the business develop strategies which can help the firm gain a competitive advantage and to sustain in the market in the longer run. (Palmer and Hartley) 1. Political Factors: Political factors play an important role in organisational decision making. The government as a legislator passes laws which can affect an organisation and also determine the economic condition of the society. It also passes laws which determine the market condition, the production possibility and demand for the product. For example an increase in tax will lead to reduction in net disposable income which in turn would impact upon demand for goods and services. Governments provide frameworks under which companies have to operate. These structures usually define what a company can do and what not and these would determine the business possibilities for them. For example the lowering of trade restrictions by a government can lead to new business opportunities for the organisation overseas. As such it is vital for management to be attuned to the political environment at all times. 2. Legal Factors: The organisation exists in wider society therefore in order to protect the rights of consumers and to ensure that the organisation operates ethically, the government passes certain rules. Changes in law can alter the relationship the firm maintains with others in society. These include the supplier, employee, customers etc. Therefore, it is important the organization remains aware of all existing laws and regulations that pertain to it and the specific industry that it is involved in. Some Common Law acts passed by the British Government and which have had a direct effect on companies include the Consumer Protection Act and The Misrepresentation Act. 3. Economic Factors: Economic factors have a direct impact on any business organisation, as the demand for goods and services is determined by economic conditions. The demand for goods and services increases during boom period as there is increase in net disposable income and vice versa therefore it important for the organisation to analyse the economic trends time to time and thereby respond to changing demand patterns. The level of employment, rate of income are some of the important variants of economic conditions as they reflect the level of demand, the purchasing power. Rise, stability, continuity and fall are some of the important cycles that affect the prices off all goods such as raw material, credit, final goods, etc. In addition to the level of perceived wealth and confidence is also an important determinant of demand for some high value services. Also the change in fiscal and monetary policy will also determine the interest rate the flow of funds which in turn will impact upon the demand for g oods. 4. Environmental Factors: The eco system refers to the natural resources which are required by the organisation as an input in order to produce the final commodities. The global environment is becoming an increasingly important concern due to climate change and threats to sustainability. It is important for the organisation to understand how the environment is viewed in society as it impacts upon the companys profit in the longer term. Consumers are becoming more environmentally conscious and ready to reward the companies who they believe to be socially responsible. Also, even though individual as a limited impact upon the organisation which they believe to be socially unethical but they can be mobilized by the environmental social groups with the mass boycott of the products. Therefore, it is important for the organisation it is important to take these factors in to account in order to sustain in the market in the longer run. 5. Technological Factors: Technology refers to scientific advancement which helps in our day today life . With the growing competition it is important for the organisation to be aware of new technogies which helps in innovation and helps in gaining competitive advantage. It has often been seen that the organisation which doesnt change with the change of technology or dont innovate often fail to exist in the society in the longer run. Today, every organisation have its own research and development team which work towards designing a new innovative technique. The innovation in technology allows the company to offer new goods and services to the consumer before its competitors and allows organisation to lower down the prices of its existing products thereby widening its market. Innovation in technology provides the company new methods of distribution and innovative techniques to communicate with its target market. Also, advancement of technology has allowed the companies to reach out to its customer around the w orld and use different method of distribution. However, while developing business strategies it is important for the organisation to consider how the use of particular technology can lead to reduction in price of goods and services. 6. Demographic Factors: Demographic analysis is the study of the social structure or population in which the organisation exists. The buying behaviour of consumers always differs in accordance with age group and sex. The people of similar age group have similar demand of products. The demographics of the society play a two way role of the organisation as it is the people who provide the labour and resources for the organisation and also create the demand for goods. The demographics of society reflect the sex ratio, age, income, etc. This in turn can be used as a tool to understand the target audience and their needs with the study of their buying patterns and develop future strategies which help to cater them in a better way. 7. Social Factors: The society can be seen as a big group within which there exist small social groups who together hold certain beliefs, values and attitudes which is also known as culture.Cuture is a dynamic and continual process and changes with time. Therefore, it is important that the organisation takes into account the new developing ideas and values as it is these social group which generate the demand for products. The social environment usually reflects the changing taste, buying behaviour, change in needs which is the effect of changing attitudes and beliefs i.e Social Conditioning (Brooks and Weatherson). It has often been seen that the people who hold similar attitudes and beliefs have similar demands for products .Therefore the study of social groups will develop strategies for future. Also, the concept of corporate social responsibility is becoming increasingly important. Society from the point view of business expects the organisation to take make society better by virtue of being in exi stence. (Refrence.com) Micro Environment Micro environment refers to the individual and organisation which have ability to impact on the organisations profitability directly or indirectly. The micro environment usually consists of Customers, Suppliers, distributors, the media and most significantly, employees. These factors have direct interest in the company and with interact on a daily basis .Although, micro factors are external to the company, but the company can influence them to certain extent. Organisation Background Apple co. was established in Cupertino California by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak in 1976. The company has been a pioneer in the computer industry. However it came to existence in the late 1990s with the introduction of the iPod portable music player. The company was initially known as Apple Computers but was rebranded as simply, Apple in 2007 to reflect the ongoing expansion of its product line. Due to its innovative designs, advertising campaigns and technology the company today has created a unique reputation in the electronic industry. The company has a devoted customer base for its products and holds a market share of around 10% in for its entire range of products. In 2010 the company posted record revenue of $15.7 billion and net quarterly profit of $3.25 billion, or $3.51 per diluted share which truly reflects the ongoing success of the company. (Apple.com). Nonetheless, Apple has also faced many challenges; and macro factors have been at the forefront of those challenges. Below is a PESTEL analysis which will highlight how the company has dealt with these factors. Environmental challenges: As explained earlier the natural environment is becoming a major concern in society. In 2006, the company was accused by environmental group Greenpeace for using non recyclable hardware products and also use of toxins like BFRs and PVS within the hardware of the iPhone and in its laptops. Also, the company was criticized for ignoring its waste products which end up in foreign dump yards and was burned by children collecting scrap metal in the Third World. The burning of this waste product not only created a serious health problem with its harmful gases but it also contaminated water resources which became a major environmental concern. Greenpeace in its Guide to Greener Environment 2006 rated Apple 2.6/10 for its waste reduction policies (Wikipedia.com) In order to respond to it, the CEO released an immediate plan to completely eliminate the use of PVC and BFRs for its various products in 2008. In 2009 all products of the company were PVC, and BFR-free. Also, in October 2009, Apple replaced the cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) backlit LCD displays with mercury-free LED backlit LCD displays and arsenic-free glass from all its computers and laptop. With active changes taken by the company, it has been able to obtain EPEAT Gold status for all its Laptops and Computers. The company today is actively involved in recycling projects. It has recycled around 13 million pounds of waste in 2006 and aims to recycle 19 million pounds of waste per year which is much higher in comparison to its competitors. Also today, the company publishes reports on its use of materials and has gained a higher position in the Guide to Greener Environment.(Apple.com) 2. Social Challenge: In 2006, the company faced a major social challenge whereby it was accused for the poor working conditions at the manufacturing units of the iPhone in the Third World. Apple has various contractors around the world who manufactures its products and Foxconn is one of them. Faxconn is a company based in China which utilizes cheap labour to assemble an array of electronic products. In 2006 it became a major concern as a number of employees at Foxconn committed suicide. Investigations revealed that the employees were ill treated, discriminated and harassed by their employer. Also, a report revealed that the Foxconn employed over 200,000 employees who lived and worked in company premises and were forced to work 60 hrs a week with the wage of $100 a month from which they were expected to pay for food and the rent. This clearly showed exploitation of labour on the part of Foxconn.(Ft.com) In response to the problem Apple did its own investigation in the factory in order to ensure that the working conditions were acceptable. Also, as a result the company started yearly audits at all its manufacturing units in order to ensure the working rights of their employee. However, the situation again arose in 2010; earlier this year, 10 Foxconn committed suicide. As a result the company has been threatened with a boycott of its product by various labour activist organisations. In order to deal with this matter, Apple has independently evaluated the contractor manufacturer and is said to be taking measures to address these tragic events. The company has also decided to move its manufacturing units from Shenzhen to north and central China even though this move will result in Apple contractors paying higher wages. 3. Legal Challenge: Legally Apple Company has been challenged many a times by its customers as well as by its competitors and to overcome it has been a biggest challenge for the company as it may have severe impact on its reputation. It has been accused many a times for unwillingness to honour its warranty which has put it in legal problem. Recently there have been four law suit filed against the company and its partner ATT in Delaware and California put forward by its customers who faced major reception problem in their latest I phone 4g due to its faulty antenna design. The company have been charged with serious allegation which include general negligence, defect in design, manufacturing design and assembly, breach of express of warranty, breach of implied warranty, breach of implied warranty for merchantability, breach of implied warranty for fitness for particular purpose, deceptive trade practices, intentional misrepresentation, negligent misrepresentation and fraud by concealment. In order to overcome the problem of 4g problem the company has decide to provide its customer free case which helps to strengthen the signal and is also refunding the money to those customers who have already purchased the cover. Also, the company has decided to rectify the software which is causing reception issues in all its future production and would also provide free software update to all its existing 4g customers. (Apple.com) 4. Economic Challenge: Apple Company had decided to open its service centre in 2006 in Bangalore in order to deal with the issues faced by its customer in its various gadgets. It had major expansion plans in India and had planned to employ over 3000 employees by 2007. The company had employed over 30 employees. But due to huge labour cost the company pull out its hand from the project and hand to dismiss its employees. The company decided to continue providing tech support from other countries which had cheap labour cost. Also, company tied up with HCL which is also taking care of distribution of Nokia in order to capture the flourishing Indian market. 5. Technological Challenge: Apple Company has always been a pioneer in technology in both the computer industry as well as in the cellular devices and MP3 player. It has always used its technology to differentiate from its competitors and to gain competitive advantage over others. Its the only company in electronic industry which provides both hardware and software unlike its competitors like Dell, and HP who specialize in either one of them. The constant innovation has allowed it to reduce the price of its existing products thereby widening its market and helps to explore new market for its product. Also, it I using advanced technology like digital asset management which help in understanding the consumer psychology and helps to cater there needs in a better way. However, technology at the same time is becoming a major challenge in its latest release of 4g the company has been accused for ineffective technology due to reception problem in the phone which is caused due to ineffective software development.